We sometimes get asked whether college is worth it.
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And our answer is generally yes, though some colleges and degrees are, at least from a financial perspective, more worth it than others (we’ll get into some of that below).
But we also know you don’t have to go to college to have a successful career. There are alternative paths to gain valuable skills, qualifications, and a high-paying job. How? Vocational school is an option.
What is vocational school, and how do you know if it might be the right path for you? And, if it is, how do you find a reputable program so you don’t waste your time and money? (Because some programs are worth their cost, and others definitely are not.)
Good questions! We answer them in this guide. We also share information on high-paying, in-demand careers you can pursue with a vocational school degree.
Vocational schools provide hands-on training and practical skills for specific trades or careers, such as healthcare, culinary arts, construction, and technology. Sometimes “vocational school” is used interchangeably with “trade school” or “tech school”, though there can be differences (which we’ll cover below).
For example, a vocational school for automotive technology might offer courses in engine diagnostics, brake systems, and electrical systems. Graduates of the program could secure jobs as automotive service technicians.
Most vocational school programs can be completed within several months to two years. The short duration allows students to enter the workforce and start earning a living sooner than they would by attending a traditional four-year college.
Compared to four-year colleges, vocational school programs are also often much more affordable.
Vocational school, trade school, and tech school are often used interchangeably. They all provide focused training and education for specific careers or trades, emphasizing practical skills and hands-on experience. However, there are some differences.
“Vocational school” is a broad term encompassing a wide range of career-focused schools, including programs in healthcare, culinary arts, cosmetology, automotive technology, and more.
On the other hand, “trade school” typically refers to a school that focuses explicitly on skilled trades such as plumbing, electrical work, carpentry, welding, and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning).
“Tech school”, short for technical school, refers to schools focused on technical fields such as information technology, computer programming, and electronics.
Which one is best for you? It depends on your career goals and interests. Since vocational schools offer diverse programs covering various industries, you can start by exploring the programs and career paths below.
Here are some quick facts and descriptions of popular vocational programs and career paths (including salary information from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics). If you want more information, you can also click the links to see examples of real programs currently offered at vocational schools across the country.
But an important heads up: spend time doing your due diligence, since we cannot vouch for the quality of any specific program listed below—they are just offered as examples.
Nursing assistants provide basic patient care in healthcare settings such as hospitals, nursing homes, and clinics.
After completing a nursing assistant program and passing certification exams, you'd be eligible to work as a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA), assisting nurses and other healthcare professionals in delivering quality patient care.
Median Salary for Nursing Assistants: $38,200
Example program: Nursing Assistant Training (CNA)
Information Technology (IT) is a rapidly evolving field encompassing the design, implementation, management, and maintenance of computer systems, networks, and software.
A vocational program in information technology prepares you for careers in various IT roles, such as network administration, cybersecurity, technical support, systems analysis, and software development.
Median Salary for IT/Computer Support Specialists: $60,810
Example program: Associate in Applied Science in Information Technology | Mesa Community College
Vocational schools offering automotive technology programs provide hands-on training in vehicle maintenance, repair, and diagnostics.
The program would prepare you to pursue a career as an automotive service technician, working in automotive repair shops, dealerships, or specialty repair shops.
Median Salary for Auto Technicians: $48,630
Example program: Automotive Technology — CNM
Culinary arts programs prepare students for careers in the culinary industry by teaching cooking techniques, food safety, menu planning, and kitchen management.
Graduates may pursue careers such as chefs, line cooks, pastry chefs, or restaurant managers in various settings, including hotels, catering companies, or cruise ships.
Median Salary for Chefs: $58,920
Example program: Culinary Arts Institute | Utah Valley University
Welding is the process of joining metals by applying heat, pressure, or a combination of both to create a strong, permanent bond.
Welding technology programs provide comprehensive training to prepare you for careers in industries such as construction and manufacturing.
Median Salary for Welders: $48,940
Example program: Welding Technology | Austin Community College District
Cosmetology programs provide training in skills like hair styling, skincare, nail care, salon management, makeup application, and customer service.
Graduates can secure jobs such as hairstylists, estheticians, or nail technicians in beauty salons, spas, or wellness centers.
Median Salary for Cosmetologists: $35,080
Example program: Cosmetology | LATTC
Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration (HVAC/R) technology programs prepare students for careers in HVAC installation, maintenance, and repair.
Students graduate with all the necessary practical skills and troubleshooting abilities to meet the demand for HVAC professionals in the construction and facilities management industries.
Median Salary for HVAC professionals: $57,300
Example program: Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning/Refrigeration (HVAC) (C.C.)
If you want to learn more, please visit our website Vocational Training Equipment.
Students of electrician vocational programs learn to install, maintain, and repair electrical systems in residential, commercial, and industrial settings.
Electrical work vocational program graduates can pursue careers as skilled electricians in various industries and settings.
Median Salary for Electricians: $61,590
Example program: Online Electrician Training – BMCC
Plumbers play a crucial role in ensuring the functionality and safety of plumbing systems in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings.
With hands-on training and practical experience, plumbing program graduates are prepared to work for plumbing contractors, construction companies, maintenance departments, or self-employed plumbing businesses.
Median Salary for Plumbers: $61,550
Example program: Plumbing - Forsyth Tech Community College
Dental hygienists support dentists by performing various dental procedures, including teeth cleanings, fluoride treatments, and periodontal screenings.
Vocational programs for dental hygienists provide comprehensive training in dental anatomy, patient care techniques, radiography, periodontal therapy, and oral health education.
Median Salary for Dental Hygienists: $87,530
Example program: Dental Hygiene - Ivy Tech Community College
Air traffic controllers monitor flight paths, communicate with pilots, and provide instructions for takeoffs, landings, and in-flight maneuvers to prevent collisions and maintain orderly traffic flow.
Some air traffic control programs recommend completing a bachelor’s degree in aviation, engineering, or a related field. However, there are also programs that offer comprehensive training that leads to a two-year associate degree.
Median Salary for Air Traffic Controllers: $137,380
Example program: Air Traffic Controller - Associate Degree | University of Alaska Anchorage
Construction managers oversee a construction site’s planning, scheduling, budgeting, and management of resources, including materials, equipment, and labor.
Vocational programs for construction management equip students with knowledge of project management principles, construction methods and materials, building codes and regulations, contract management, and safety protocols.
Median Salary for Construction Managers: $104,900
Example program: Construction Management Extended Certificate Program | UCLA Extension
The cost of attending vocational school can vary depending on the type of program, the school, the location, and additional expenses such as textbooks and supplies.
Tuition at most vocational schools ranges from a few thousand dollars to around $30,000 or more for longer programs leading to advanced certifications or associate degrees. Shorter programs, such as certification courses or diploma programs, usually have lower tuition costs.
Check out the U.S. Department of Education’s College Affordability and Transparency List to get a better idea of what costs to expect. There, you can check costs based on the type of program you’re interested in most. The list also includes information on different schools offering the program, the average number of months to complete, and more.
And once you find a program you’re interested in, we’d highly recommend exploring this HEA Group report and this Inside Higher Ed article which discuss what schools and programs across the US seem worth it from a financial perspective—some programs (at both trade schools and 4 year colleges) are not sound financial choices.
There is no right answer. But you should continue exploring your interest in vocational school if the following statements resonate with you:
You’re interested in working in industries like healthcare, construction, automotive technology, culinary arts, or information technology. A vocational school is a good option only if it aligns with your desired career path.
You prefer a focused curriculum directly related to your career goals rather than a broad range of general education courses. Vocational programs offer targeted, hands-on training in skills and knowledge relevant to a specific profession.
You want to enter the workforce quickly and start earning a living without spending several years in college. Most vocational programs take two years or less to complete.
You're motivated to pursue a career with competitive salaries and job opportunities. Many vocational careers are in high demand, offering competitive salaries and job security.
You’re willing to do the necessary research to find a reputable vocational school. You should thoroughly research schools, checking their accreditation, reviews, and credentials. Doing so helps you avoid falling victim to fraudulent or substandard programs that may not deliver the education and outcomes you deserve.
Choosing the right vocational school that matches your interests and career goals is essential for maximizing your education and ensuring a successful transition into the workforce.
It’s also how you avoid vocational school scams or subpar institutions that may not provide the quality education and training you need to succeed in your chosen field.
Here’s how to find a vocational school.
Start by researching vocational programs in your area or online. Consider factors such as program length, curriculum, graduation rates, and job placement rates.
Accreditation ensures that the school meets specific standards of quality and academic rigor. You can usually find accreditation information on the school's website or by contacting the school directly. You can also check the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC) directory of accredited schools.
Look for reviews and testimonials from current and former students to get an idea of their experiences with the school. Pay attention to feedback about the quality of instruction, career assistance, job placement services, and overall opinion of the program.
Consider the cost of tuition and other expenses associated with the program. Some programs require students to purchase textbooks, supplies, uniforms, or specialized equipment.
Also, research if the school offers financial aid, such as grants, scholarships, loans, and payment plans. Additionally, explore external funding sources, such as private scholarships or employer tuition reimbursement programs.
Visit the campuses of vocational schools you're interested in to get a sense of the facilities, resources, and learning environment. Talk to current students, instructors, and staff to learn more about the program and ask any questions you may have.
As the Lead Consultant for the Motor Team, I am asked questions daily about the provision of equipment as an accommodation. Employers, individuals, and even rehabilitation professionals often ask if JAN provides equipment, who is responsible for buying equipment, and what resources are available to the employer if the cost of a piece of equipment would be an undue hardship.
Let’s start with the easy question first: Does JAN provide equipment? The answer is pretty simple. We do not provide or supply any type of equipment, technology, etc. Additionally, JAN does not offer on-site evaluations or worksite assessments of any type. We are limited, in a way, to providing assistance and guidance from a distance, but have developed an extensive product and vendor database for this reason. JAN consultants are trained to ask questions that help us better understand the work environment so we are able to offer accommodation ideas that are effective. When possible, we can direct you to where a piece of equipment or product can be purchased or even offer a variety of options for you to choose as the accommodation.
As for questions related to who is responsible for buying equipment — the EEOC has indicated that the employer is ultimately responsible for providing work-related equipment or devices as an accommodation, absent undue hardship. In some cases, an employee may be working with vocational rehabilitation services (VR) and the cost could be shared. In other cases, the employer can choose a less expensive accommodation as long as the alternative option selected is effective. In general, when an employer purchases a piece of equipment it is then owned by that employer. In situations where the cost is shared, it is important that a discussion take place as part of the interactive process so there will be a plan for what will happen with the equipment if/when the employee no longer needs it or no longer works for the employer.
Resources may be available for some employers to help with the cost of providing equipment as an accommodation. Tax credits could be taken advantage of if the employer qualifies or if the employee is part of a targeted group. Additional information about various tax incentives are available on JAN’s Website. Federal employers may be able to take advantage of the services offered by the Computer/Electronic Accommodations Program (CAP), which provides assistive technology and services to people with disabilities, Federal managers, supervisors, and IT professionals. Employees may be able to receive funding for assistive technology from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (if veterans or service members); the Social Security Administration’s Plan To Achieve Self-Support (PASS) and other work incentives; non-profit disability organizations; and civic or service organizations (Lions Club, VFW, Rotary Club, etc.). Employers can also look into state workers’ compensation programs if the disability was caused by a work-related injury.
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